Nostocoida limicola filament types are commonly associated with filamentous bulking in biological wastewater treatment systems throughout the world.
Literature such as the 3rd Edition Manual on the Causes and Control of Activated Sludge Bulking, Foaming, and Other Solids Separation Problems (Jenkins, 2004) recognizes morphotypes Nostocoida limicola I, Nostocoida limicola II, and Nostocoida limicola III. Each morphotype is distinguished by its oval, discoid or hockey-puck-like cell shape and differentiated by the cell diameter, with with Nostocoida limicola I being the thinnest (0.8-1.0 µm) to Nostocoida limicola III the thickest (2 µm in diameter).Originally (and generally in municipal treatment systems), Nostocoida limicola filament
