Potable water disinfection requires specialized chemical feeders and chlorinators and accurate measurement of chemical dosing. UV disinfection is a growing technology. Here are some of the industry’s latest disinfection offerings.

Chemicals

Sodium Hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite from American Development Corporation is an oxidizer effective against bacteria and viruses. Residuals are read the same as for other disinfectants and must be removed in waste streams before discharge. Safety factors include fewer personal protective equipment requirements and no self-contained breathing apparatus. 888/542-8561; www.adc-chem.com.

Sodium Chlorite

ADOX sodium chlorite from DuPont Clean Water Technologies is used primarily in the generation of chlorine dioxide using DuPont MG III generators. Chlorine dioxide is being used in a growing number of industries due to its highly selective oxidizing properties, which result in a lower dosage requirement. It remains a truly dissolved gas in water and retains its useful oxidative and biocidal properties throughout a broad pH range (2 to 10 pH). Additionally, it does not chlorinate organics to form halogenated disinfection byproducts such as THMs and HAAs. It is utilized to disinfect potable water around the world and is approved for use by the EPA and the World Health Organization. 302/999-2709; www.dupont.com.

Chlorination/Dechlorination Equipment

Tablet Dechlorinator

The Zde-Chlorinator unit from Integra Chemical Co. is a tablet dechlorinator for hydrant flushing and other tasks. It is compact and lightweight, made of 6061-T6 high-strength aluminum. Holding up to 4 Vita-D-Chlor tablets, it can dechlorinate the average 30-minute hydrant flush. It is available with a permanent diffuser or a removable flushing elbow that directs water safely. The flushing elbow comes with a removable secondary screen for low flows, high flows of 200 to 1,000 gpm and 2.5-inch NST, providing versatility to connect the coupler for a hose, gate valve, diffuser or flow/pressure testing kit. 800/322-6646; www.vita-d-chlor.com.

Fibrous Activated Carbon Dechlorination

Granular activated carbon (GAC) from Jacobi Carbons is effective in removing free chlorine. The dechlorination performance of GAC is sensitive to the ratio of external surface area to mass and is enhanced by small particle sizes. New fibrous forms of activated carbon, including cloths or felts, offer high external surface area/mass ratios. Testing of one fabric product showed that although the felt layer was only 4 mm thick and weighed 2.5 grams, it reduces 2 mg/L chlorine at greater than 75 percent efficiency. 215/546-3900; www.jacobi.net.

Emergency Gas Scrubber

Dry chemical emergency gas scrubbers from Purafil are low-maintenance options for controlling a worst-case toxic gas release such as a chlorine leak. The system consists of a packed-bed chemical reactor with a media containment vessel, dry-scrubbing media and a blower. 800/222-6367; www.purafil.com.

Chlorinators

Hypochlorite Injection System

The Chloritrol valveless metering system from Fluid Metering enables accurate, maintenance-free injection of sodium and calcium hypochlorite. One pump in its high-pressure valveless duplex pump design injects the sodium hypochlorite directly into the water main. The second pump removes out-gas bubbles from the inlet side of the high-pressure pump head. 800/223-3388; www.fmipump.com.

Sodium Hypochlorite Generator

The SciCHLOR sodium hypochlorite generator from Scienco/FAST uses SciCELL technology to produce 10, 20, 40 or 60 pounds of sodium hypochlorite on demand from salt, water and electricity. The system includes an integral brine tank, chlorine storage tanks, control panel, multi-pass SciCELL unit and recirculation pump. 866/652-4539; www.sciencofast.com.

Analyzers/Sensors

Chloramination Analyzer

The ChemScan UV-2150/S chloramination analyzer from ASA Analytics provides parameters for chloramination process control and monitoring in one analyzer. Total ammonia and total chlorine measurements allow control of ratios and disinfection residuals. Free ammonia analysis helps avoid surplus ammonia in the distribution system, helping to prevent nitrification. Monochloramine and total chlorine analysis enable peak chloramination process control. The analyzer can be used at the plant for process control or in distribution for monitoring, water blending and chemical boost. 800/665-7133; www.asaanalytics.com.

Diaphragm Metering Pump

The ProSeries Chem-Pro diaphragm metering pump from Blue-White Industries has a large pump enclosure and control pad, a protective snap-on control pad cover and a single-layer injection-molded PVDF diaphragm. Remote start/stop is standard; a 4-20 mA output is available. The unit has upgradeable firmware, a large single-piece junction box and terminal block connectors inside the junction box that include additional ports for external wiring. PROFIBUS, PROFINET and Ethernet are available. 714/893-8529; www.blue-white.com.

Compact pH & ORP Value Transmitter

The Type 8202 from Burkert Fluid Control Systems is a compact and modular device for measuring pH or ORP in fluids. It houses a replaceable and standard 120 mm pH or ORP probe screwed into a sensor holder. It has integrated PT1000 temperature sensors for required temperature compensation. The electronics can transmit both temperature and the desired analytical value simultaneously. 800/325-1405; www.burkert-usa.com.

Chlorine Residual Analyzer

The REGAL Model CRA 5000 chlorine residual analyzer from Chlorinators Incorporated continuously measures free and total chlorine in water and wastewater disinfection. It can be used to monitor chlorine residual only or integrated with the REGAL Model 7009/7010 SMARTVALVE for compound loop (feedback) chlorination and feed-forward dechlorination. It uses advanced amperometric technology with intuitive setup and control. All configuration and operation functions are made on a four-push-button keypad integrated with a two-line LCD display with multicharacter format to provide easy-to-read data and command functions. 772/288-4854; www.regalchlorinators.com.

Electronic Chlorine Cylinder Scale

The ECS 1502 dual-cylinder scale from Eagle Microsystems has a PVC base and stainless steel hardware and a single stainless steel strain gauge load cell that senses the weight of the cylinder. Each scale has a 300-pound capacity. The electronic readout is encased in a NEMA-4X fiberglass enclosure for wall mounting. All standard functions are operated from the front panel without opening the enclosure. The standard 4-20 mA analog output communicates with SCADA systems. The indicator has an easy-to-read LED display that shows total weight, weight remaining, gross weight and rate by weight. 610/323-2250; www.eaglemicrosystems.com.

Chlorine Sensor

The Model CDA-22 chlorine dioxide sensor from Electro-Chemical Devices is a high-accuracy polarographic amperometric unit that measures chlorine dioxide in concentrations from 0.05 to 20 ppm and operates at temperatures from 32 to 122 degrees F. It fits into chlorine monitoring systems in municipal systems. 800/729-1333; www.ecdi.com.

Dual-Input Analyzer

The 56 dual-input analyzer from Emerson Process Management - Rosemount Analytical uses chlorine and ozone sensors and a high-resolution color LCD screen for on-screen data trend graphs. It has SMART-enabled pH, eliminating field calibration of pH probes. Troubleshooting is done with an on-screen user manual and display of faults, warnings and diagnostics. Step-by-step QuickStart on-screen prompts allow commissioning in less than two minutes. An internal data logger records live parameters and milliamp current outputs, allowing correlation to actual measurement values to assist in diagnostics and tuning. It comes host-ready for network commissioning with HART and PROFIBUS DP communication connectivity. 800/854-8257; www.rosemountanalytical.com.

Free-Chlorine Analyzer System

The Signet 4630 free-chlorine analyzer system from GF Piping Systems measures free chlorine in applications with stable pH, temperature and chlorine levels. Designed with amperometric-based sensing technology, it has a clear flow cell, flow regulator, sensors, filter and rotameter in one compact unit. It is EPA 334.0 compliant and has reagent-free measuring, a built-in flow regulator, a panel that includes 100–240 VAC power supply, two 4–20 mA outputs, two mechanical relays and optional automatic pH/temperature compensation. 800/854-4090; www.gfpiping.com.

Amperometrtic Analyzer

Chlorine measurement with the CLF10 sc amperometric analyzer from Hach Company does not require reagents. It uses self-diagnostics to alert users when the process has changed or the instrument needs servicing. Diagnostic features include the Cal Watch algorithm for warning of pH and chlorine calibration deviation and a noncontacting flow sensor for notification of insufficient sample flow. Cal Watch is customizable and can be adjusted for accuracy and interaction frequency to fit users’ needs. It can be used with any Hach sc digital controller. 800/227-4224; www.hach.com.

Level Transmitter

Flowline EchoPod DL14 level transmitters, distributed by Harrington Industrial Plastics, measure sodium hypochlorite generation. They provide continuous level measurement data to the chlorine generation controller. As the level falls, chlorine production increases. As it rises, production decreases; production stops when the system is full. 909/597-8641; www.hipco.com.

Multi-Input Process Analyzer

The AquaSelect multi-input process analyzer from HF scientific is a flexible analysis platform for process applications. With a user-friendly interface, easy-to-use menus and up to four inputs or parameters, it suits complex process operations. It is compatible with a wide range of analog and digital sensors, including the HF scientific AdvantEDGE series of measurement probes. 888/203-7248; www.hfscientific.com.

Chlorine Colorimeter

The SC450 from Orbeco-Hellige is a rugged, waterproof, hand-held colorimeter that has the ability to test two ranges of free and total chlorine. Able to test for a wide range of water quality parameters, it is ideal for use in the field or laboratory. The company manufactures a full range of water-quality instruments, reagents and accessories for testing over 100 parameters. 800/922-5242; www.orbeco.com.

Multiparameter Spectrophotometer Probe

The i::scan miniature multiparameter spectrophotometer probe from s::can Measuring Systems uses light-emitting technology for measurement. Measurement can be done directly in the media or in a bypass installation with a flow cell. The unit can be mounted directly in a main. With typical energy consumption less than 1 watt, it can be powered by a battery or solar panel in remote locations. Automatic cleaning is available by compressed air if installed directly in the media or by an automatic brush if installed in a flow cell. 888/694-3230; www.s-can.us.

Free Chlorine Sensor

The FCL500 series free chlorine sensor from Sensorex Corporation uses advanced amperometric technology for accurate monitoring of free chlorine. With three models covering the 0 to 2 ppm, 0 to 5 ppm and 0 to 10 ppm ranges, it can be used in new installations or as a field replacement. It has an upgraded temperature correction curve for improved performance, and its membrane has a mesh reinforcement clamp for stability and durability. The 4-20 mA isolated signal output is enhanced to eliminate ground loop errors, reduce noise and block high-voltage transient surges. It interfaces with PLC, SCADA and other process control systems. A large electrolyte reservoir with an easily replaced membrane cap and solution reduce maintenance intervals and maximize sensor life. 714/895-4344; www.sensorex.com.

Chlorine Measurement System

The high-performance, low-maintenance Potentiostatic Free Chlorine system from Van London – pHoenix Co. features a measuring method in which the electrodes’ potential is electronically controlled in relation to the liquid, providing a linear current/concentration relationship and a stable zero value in oxidative absence. It is recommended to place the sensor in measurement cell SZ 7231 or SZ 7233 provided with overflow in order to maintain constant sample flow. 800/522-7920; www.vl-pc.com.

Chemical Metering Pump

The Qdos 30 chemical metering pump from Watson-Marlow Pumps Group delivers 5,000 to 1 flow from 0.002 to 8.0 gph at 100 psi, while integrating through IP66 manual, analog and PROFIBUS control options. The unit is fully sealed. Control features include fluid level monitoring, fluid recovery, line priming and intuitive flow calibration. The pump head can be configured on the left or right for installation in restricted environments or on skids. The sealed design and fluid recovery eliminate waste and ensure operator safety. Operation is intuitive via a menu-driven interface with 3.5-inch TFT color display. 800/282-8823; www.wmpg.com.

Multiparameter Measurement Device

The MultiLab IDS from YSI, a xylem brand, simultaneously measures any three of pH, ORP, BOD or conductivity, or three of the same parameters. The line includes single-, dual- or three-channel devices, as well as smart digital probes for optical-based BOD5, pH, ORP and conductivity measurement. It has an easy-to-use menu-driven operation and high data integrity and security. 800/897-4151; www.ysi.com.

Detection Equipment

Portable Ground Microphone

The Tmic ground microphone from Fluid Conservation Systems allows technicians to hear sounds from a water distribution network. The sensor tip connects magnetically to a listening rod or can be placed on the pipe or valve, transmitting leak noise to the operator’s headset via Bluetooth. Its onboard memory stores noise levels and displays the information on the LED screen, allowing instant comparison between  previous and current spot readings. It comes with a range of listening rod extensions and has a built-in LED flashlight for operation in low light. 800/531-5465; www.fluidconservation.com.

Microbiological Control

Activated Carbon

DARCO H2S activated carbon from Cabot Norit Activated Carbon removes hydrogen sulfide from air streams and eliminates sewage odors. It is produced by steam activation at high temperature without any impregnant, reducing the risk of bed fires from exothermic reactions. It is produced as a 4x8 mesh granular carbon to provide a low pressure drop in gas phase applications. 800/641-9245; www.norit.com.

UV Disinfection Equipment

UV-LED Transmittance Monitor

The PearlSense T254 monitor from Aquionics measures percent UV transmittance (UVT). UV-LED technology provides stable readings in all conditions. The design uses a single lamp and sensor, eliminating drift. It provides low operating cost, long lamp life with virtually zero warm-up time and a small footprint. It offers mercury-free operation and can be used in configurations including hand-held battery operation, in-process installation or mounting on a bracket in an open channel. 800/925-0440; www.aquionics.com.

UV Disinfection System

Megatron water disinfection systems from Atlantic Ultraviolet Corp. use germicidal UV lamps to eradicate pathogens. They handle a wide range of applications from 70 to 560 gpm. Multiple units can be interconnected to achieve higher flows or dosages. They are self-contained and provide continuous disinfection without special attention or measurement. Features include manual or automatic wipers, Type 316 stainless steel construction, a digital UV monitor, lamp operation indicators and sampling ports. 631/273-0500; www.ultraviolet.com.

Aftermarket UV Lamps

UV Superstore offers UV lamps and quartz sleeves as replacements for numerous UV disinfection systems. The lamps and sleeves meet or exceed OEM specifications. 770/307-3882; www.uvsuperstore.com.

Closed-Vessel UV System

The WEDECO LBX 850e closed-vessel UV system from WEDECO – a Xylem Brand, is energy-efficient and fully validated according to the U.S. EPA UV Disinfection Guidance Manual and National Water Research Institute guidelines. It uses Ecoray lamps. 704/409-9700; www.wedeco.com/us.