Cavitation is the formation and implosion of vapor bubbles in a region where the pressure of a liquid falls below its vapor pressure. Cavitation is extremely damaging and can occur in any fluid-handling equipment, especially in pumps, one of the most important components of wastewater treatment systems. Technological advances in industrial protective coatings and repair composite materials have made it possible to repair pumps suffering from cavitation, rather than simply replacing them. Cavitation-resistant (CR) elastomers can retain adhesion under long-term immersion, dissipate energy created under high-intensity cavitation, and provide outstanding resistance to corrosion and other forms of erosion.Cavitation is a
